AquaNISInformation system on aquatic non-indigenous and cryptogenic species |
Species | Acartia (Acanthacartia) tonsa [WoRMS] | |
Authority | Dana, 1849 | |
Family | Acartiidae | |
Order | Calanoida | |
Class | Copepoda | |
Phylum | Arthropoda | |
Synonym (?) | Acartia gracilis (Herrick, 1887) Acartia tonsa cryophylla (Björnberg, 1963) References (not structured): Acartia tonsa. Nobanis. European Network on Invasive Alien Species. Available at http://www.nobanis.org/MarineIdkey/Small crustaceans/AcartiaTonsa.htm. Accessed on 17 November 2011 |
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Sub-species level (?) | Not entered |
Native origin (?) | Ocean: Atlantic Ocean: Indian Ocean: Pacific References (not structured): Conover RJ (1956) Notes on the seasonal distribution of zooplankton in Southampton Water with special reference to the genus Acartia. Journal of Natural History Series 12, Volume 10, Issue 109. Comments: Cosmopolitan in estuaries and lagoons throughout the worls, with a preference for tropical, sub-tropical and warm temperate regions. |
Life form / Life stage (?) |
References (not structured): Cervetto G, Pagano M, Gaudy R (1995) Feeding behavior and migrations in a natural population of the copepod Acartia tonsa. Hydrobiologia 300(301): 237-248 Cubbage A, Lawrence D, Tomasky G, Valiela I (1999) Relationship of reproductive output in Acartia tonsa, chlorophyll concentration, and land-derived nitrogen loads in estuaries of Waquoit Bay, Massachusetts. Biological Bulletin 197: 294-295 Leandro SM, Tiselius P,Queiroga H (2006) Growth and development of nauplii and copepodites of the estuarine copepod Acartia tonsa from southern Europe (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal) under saturating food conditions. Marine Biology 150: 121-129 Tiselius P, Andersen Borg CM, Hansen BW, Hansen PJ, Nielsen TG, Vismann B, (2008) High reproduction, but low biomass: mortality estimates of the copepod Acartia tonsa in a hyper-eutrophic estuary. Aquatic Biology 2: 93-103 |
Sociability / Life stage (?) |
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Reproductive frequency (?) | Iteroparous |
Reproductive type (?) | Sexual References: Sazhina LI (1987) Reproduction, growth, production of marine copepods. Kiev. Pp. 156. Sazhina LI (1971) Fecundity of mass pelagic Copepoda of the Black Sea. Zool. J. 4: 586-589 Rodríguez-Graña L, Calliari D, Tiselius P, Hansen BW, Sköld HN, (2010) Gender-specific ageing and non-Mendelian inheritance of oxidative damage in marine copepods. Marine Ecology Progress Series 401: 1-13 Sørensen TF, Drillet G, Engell-Sørensen K, Hansen BW, Ramløv H (2007)Production and biochemical composition of eggs from neritic calanoid copepods reared in large outdoor tanks (Limfjord, Denmark). Aquaculture 263: 84-96 Marcus NH, Wilcox JA (2007) A guide to the meso-scale production of the copepod Acartia tonsa. Florida Sea Grant. Available a thttp://nsgl.gso.un.edu/flsgp/flsgph07002.pdf. Accessed on 17 October 2011 Hammer RM (1978) Scanning electron microscope study of the spermatophore of Acartia tonsa (Copepoda: Calanoida). Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 97(3): 386-389 Leandro SM, Tiselius P, Queiroga H (2006) Growth and development of nauplii and copepodites of the estuarine copepod Acartia tonsa from southern Europe (Ria de Aveiro, Portugal) under saturating food conditions. Marine Biology 150: 121-129 Comments: Fertilization is internal. A male can fertilize several females. Acartia tonsa lays eggs into water. Eggs are heavier than water, therefore they descend to the bottom (Sachina, 1971). Egg production of individual females goes on for about 3-4 weeks (Rodriguez-Graña et al., 2010), and each female produces 20-30 eggs per day (Sørensen et al., 2007), 18-50 per brood every 5 days (Marcus & Wilcox, 2007), or 37-53 eggs per day (Rodriguez-Graña et al., 2010). Limiting factors: temperature, light factor, feeding, salinity, oxygen concentration (Sazhina, 1987) |
Developmental trait (?) | Brooding Resting stages References: Berggreen U, Hansen B, Kiørboe T (1988) Food size spectra, ingestion and growth of the copepod Acartia tonsa during development: implications for determination of copepod production. Marine Biology 99: 341-352 Comments: Acartia tonsa goes through 6 nauplius stages and 5 copepodite stages before they reach the sexually mature stage (Berggreen et al., 1988). |
Characteristic feeding method / Life stage (?) |
References (not structured): Kiørboe T, Saiz E, Viitasalo M (1996) Prey switching behaviour in the planktonic copepod Acartia tonsa. Marine Ecology Progress Series 143:65-75 Tackx M, Polk P (1982) Feeding of Acartia tonsa Dana (Copepoda, Calanoida): predation on nauplii of Canuella perplexa T. et A. Scott (Copepoda, Harpacticoida) in the sluice-dock at Ostend. Hydrobiologia 94: 131-133 Comments: Acartia tonsa feeds on nauplii of other copepods and on phytoplankton, including diatoms as well as flagellates (Tackx & Polk, 1982). |
Mobility / Life stage (?) |
References (not structured): Brodsky KA (1950) Copepods Calanoida in the Far East seas of the USSR and Arctic basin. In: Inventory on the USSR Fauna. USSR AS ZIN. Moacow-Leningrad. Pp. 418-420. (in Russian) Comments: Acartia tonsa performs 2 types of migration: horizontal and daily vertical migrations. During the nighttime it goes up to the surface layers while in the morning and daytime mature males and females sink to deeper layers of water. Young individuals undertake migrations only within surface layers (Brodsky, 1950). |
Salinity tolerance range (?) | Exact range: 2 - 33 References: Calliari, D., Andersen, C. M., Thor, P., Gorokhova, E., & Tiselius, P. (2006). Salinity modulates the energy balance and reproductive success of co-occurring copepods Acartia tonsa and A. clausi in different ways. Marine Ecology Progress Series, 312, 177-188. |
Habitat modifying ability potential (?) | Unknown |
Toxicity / Life stage (?) | Not relevant References: Marcus NH, Wilcox JA (2007) A guide to the meso-scale production of the copepod Acartia tonsa. Florida Sea Grant. Available at http://nsgl.gso.uri.edu/flsgp/flsgph07002.pdf. Accessed on 16 November 2011 Sørensen, TF, Drillet G, Engell-Sørensen K, Hansen BW, Ramløv H (2007) Production and biochemical composition of eggs from neritic calanoid copepods reared in large outdoor tanks (Limfjord, Denmark). Aquaculture 263: 84-96 Comments: A positive impact is that A.tonsa has been used to produce live feed for aquaculture organisms (Marcus & Wilcox, 2007; Sørensen et al., 2007). |
Bioaccumulation association (?) | Anthropogenic chemical compounds References: Wollenberger, L., Breitholtz, M., Kusk, K. O., & Bengtsson, B. E. (2003). Inhibition of larval development of the marine copepod Acartia tonsa by four synthetic musk substances. Science of the Total Environment, 305(1), 53-64. |
Known human health impact? | Not known Comments: Not available |
Known economic impact? | Not known Comments: Not available |
Known measurable environmental impact? | Not known |
Included in the Target Species list? | No Comments: Assessed by the COMPLETE project experts (2021), excluded from the previous target species list |
Association with vessel vectors (?) | Ballast waters References: Gollasch S, Macdonald E, Belson S, Botnen H, Christensen JT, Hamer JP, Houvenaghel G, Jelmert A, Lucas I, Masson D, McCollin T, Olenin S, Persson A, Wallentinus I, Wetsteyn LPMJ, Wittling T (2002) Life in Ballast Tanks In: Invasive aquatic species of Europe - distribution, impact and management. Leppäkoski, E., S. Gollasch & S. Olenin (eds). Kluwer Academic Publishers: 217-231 Gubanova A (2000) Occurrence of Acartia tonsa Dana in the Black Sea. Was it introduced from the Mediterranean? Mediterranean Marine Science 1(1): 105-109 pp Comments: Ballast water seems to be the most likely means of transferring this species, or its eggs between coastal waters of different continents. The fact that A. tonsa can produce highly resistant diapause eggs as well as eggs that can be induced into quiescence has probably played an important role for its wide distribution. |
Molecular information | Available NCBI (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi) BOLD (http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/Taxbrowser_Taxonpage?taxon=acartia+tonsa&searchTax=) |
Last update by | Aleksas Narščius, 2019-02-05 |