Comments: Ichthyotoxin producer. Comercial Fish Killing events (Khan et al., 1996; de Boer et al., 2010; Pezolessi et al., 2010; Dorantes-Aranda et al., 2015).
References: Khan, S., Arakawa, O. and Onoue, Y., 1996. Neurotoxin production by a chloromonad Fibrocapsa japonica (Raphidophyceae). Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 27(3), pp.254-263. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-7345.1996.tb00607.x
de Boer, M.K., Tyl, M.R., Fu, M., Kulk, G., Liebezeit, G., Tomas, C.R., Lenzi, A., Naar, J., Vrieling, E.G. and van Rijssel, M., 2009. Haemolytic activity within the species Fibrocapsa japonica (Raphidophyceae). Harmful Algae, 8(5), pp.699-705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2009.02.001
Pezzolesi, L., Cucchiari, E., Guerrini, F., Pasteris, A., Galletti, P., Tagliavini, E., Totti, C. and Pistocchi, R., 2010. Toxicity evaluation of Fibrocapsa japonica from the Northern Adriatic Sea through a chemical and toxicological approach. Harmful Algae, 9(5), pp.504-514. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hal.2010.03.006
Dorantes-Aranda, J.J., Seger, A., Mardones, J.I., Nichols, P.D. and Hallegraeff, G.M., 2015. Progress in understanding algal bloom-mediated fish kills: the role of superoxide radicals, phycotoxins and fatty acids. PLoS One, 10(7), p.e0133549. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0133549