Comments: The total damage caused by C. fluminea for US industries in 1986 alone, over two decades ago, was estimated at $1 billion (Lucy et al. 2012 and references within).

References: Lucy, F.E., Karatayev, A.Y., and Burlakova, L.E., 2012. Predictions for the spread, population density and impacts of Corbicula fluminea in Ireland. Aquat. Invasions. 7 (4), 465 - 474. https://research.thea.ie/handle/20.500.12065/715 Sousa, R., Antunes, C., and Guilhermino, L., 2008. Ecology of the invasive Asian clam Corbicula fluminea (Müller, 1774) in aquatic ecosystems: an overview. Ann. Limnol. - Int. J. Lim., 44 (2), 85-94. https://doi.org/10.1051/limn:2008017