Comments: Impacts on species and habitats, ecosystem functioning (Nyberg 2007; Nyberg et al. 2009; Weinberger et al. 2008).
References: "Freshwater, D. W., Montgomery, F., Greene, J. K., Hamner, R. M., Williams, M., and Whitfield, P. E. (2006). Distribution and identification of an invasive Gracilaria species that is hampering commercial fishing operations in southeastern North Carolina. USA. Biol. Invas. 8, 631–637. doi: 10.1007/s10530-005-1809-5
Kameyama, R., Nishihara, G. N., Kawagoe, C., & Terada, R. (2021). The effects of four stresso
Nyberg, C. D., Thomsen, M. S., & Wallentinus, I., 2009. Flora and fauna associated with the introduced red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla. Eur. J. Phycol. 44(3), 395-403.
Weinberger, F., Buchholz, B., Karez, R., Wahl, M., 2008. The invasive red alga Gracilaria vermiculophylla in the Baltic Sea: adaptation to brackish water may compensate for light limitation. Aquat. Biol. 3, 251-264.